INRODUCTION
Pre colonial economy is
the kind of economy system which took place in Africa before colonialism in
Africa majour participant of pre colonial economy was the African people.Pre
colonial economy there is industries ,mining, Agriculture ,trading activities,
hunting and gathering .
Colonia l economy is the kind of
metropolis nation economy that introduced in Africa during nineteen century d
the majour participant of coloial economy was the white man. or
Colonial economy was the geographical extension of the Europe
on imperialist economy in the colonies. It was imperialist economy which was
established on Africa to serve the needs of demands of Europe imperialism or
monopoly capitalists. The aim of colonial economy was to get raw materials,
market area, and area for investment and cheap labor. types of colonial economy
are Colonial Agriculture, Colonial Mining, Colonial trade, Limited industries,
Infrastructure , Financial and Insurance institution
BACKGROUND
OF COLONIAL ECONOMY
By
the end of nineteenth century European power had already subdued and extended
the rule almost through the entire continent of Africa .To metropolitan state
of colonials the purpose of their
economy was to promote maximum economic
exploitation at minimum cost so that
the nature of colonial was
externally aligned.
CONSTRACTION BETWEEN
PRE COLONIAL ECONOMY AND COLONIAL ECONOMY
Colonial
economy was associated with the land alienation while the pre colonial economy
was not land alienated .Before colonialism African people were engaged in cultivating their own farm
without land alienation from other but when European introduce the colonial
economy they introduce the land alienation in order to get more land to
establish big plantation in Africa.
“most of the colonial powers
confiscation land from East
African people And resulted in
reserves Through forceful
land appropriate ,they obtained
Land for plantation
agriculture ,mission station
,administration headquarter”[1]
Pre
colonial economy was low level of
science and technology while the colonial economy was in high technology.
During pre colonial economy in Africa were based in low level of technology in
their activities in mining , industries , agriculture, example in Agriculture
were used hand hoe while colonial economy
were advanced in technology example uses of modern machine station
“Plantation were scientifically
managed and involve
The use of machines and fertilizers for
qualitative
and quantitative output to meet the demand of metropolis”[2]
Pre
colonial associated with barter trade while the colon Ial economy was not
associated with barter trade .Most of the African societies especially East
African people in they conduct barter System of trade within their county and this barter was the trade of exchanging good for goods While the colonial economy was
conducted the continental trade with the outsiders.
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“early trade was carried out on the basic of barter
“early trade was carried out on the basic of barter
This is the exchange of goods for goods of people
Who had access to
good clay would make more
Than they needs another groups that
was killed
In iron working might exchange tool such as axes
And hand hoe for
pots”[3]
Colonial economy was used money as a
medium of exchanging while in Pre
colonial economy was not use money as a medium of exchanging .During the
colonial economy money as used as the medium of exchanging in all forms of
trade system while the pre colonial
economy use system of exchanging good for goods.
“The medium exchanging was primary
on barter system
That is the exchanging of goods
for goods to what’s was
Produced for what’s
produced in society”[4]
Colonial
economy associated with the introduction of taxation while the pre colonial
economy was not associated with any kind of taxes in their production or
outsides the he production. Example in
colonial economy the owner of the
plantation forced the east African
peopl To pay taxes in term of money and to get those money man left their family
to the plantation in order to get money for
paying taxes.
“The introduction of hurt taxes and poll taxes in 1923
Improve the labour situation as
African had to work
In order to pay their taxes”[5]
Colonial
economy was associated with the introduction of cash crops while the pre
colonial economy was associated with the
food crops only. During the pre colonial economy most of the East
African people were engaged in the cultivation of food staff for the domestics
uses only but the surplus was for barter
trade while the Colonial economy was introduce
cash crops for their industries in Europe.
“sisal was introduced in Kenya
1902 in large plantation
Were established in thinka
encourage the crowing of
Crops”[6]
Pre
colonial economy the production was for the domestics uses or was for self consumption
while the colonial economy production was for sale .Before the colonial economy
in East Africa the production was for
domestics while the colonial economy they preferred the cash crops for sale Example
they establish large plantation in Tanganyika .
“production was mainly for
export and
Marked oriented”[7]
Colonial
economy was encouraging large plantation while the pre colonial economy
encourage the small scale farming. Example in pre colonial economy was practice
the agriculture production in small scale for the domestics use while in pre
colonial production was associated with
large scale production like in Tanganyika and settle plantation in Kenya
those are the large plantation and use modern way of cultivation like the use
of machines.
COMPURISON BETWEEN PRE- COLONIAL
AND COLONIAL ECONOMY
Both
engaged in agriculture production.pre colonial economy was practice the small scale agriculture
production for the domestics use and the
surplus was for trade also in colonial economy was engaged in
agriculture production at large scale plantation and produce the cash crops for their
industries in Europe .
“sisal was introduced in Kenya 1902 in large plantation
Were established in thinka encourage
the crowing of
Crops”[8]
Both
of them developed trade .pre colonial
economy was developed in barter trade system also the colonial economy was
developed in trade system. But in the colonial economy in the trade money was
the medium of Exchanging while in pre colonial economy preferred exchanging
goods for goods
“early trade was
carried out on the basic of barter
This is the exchange of goods for goods of people
Who had access to good
clay would make more
Than they needs another groups that
was killed
In iron working might exchange tool such as axes
And hand hoe for
pots”[9]
Both of them developed in
Agriculture production. Before colonial and at bthe time of colonialism African
developed in agriculture production but
before colonialism East African people were developed in small scale agriculture production for
the food staff only but in colonial economy was developed in modern
large scale agriculture and use modern way of cultivation.
“
“The rural areas were experiencing similar changes
As those in the towns
and there too the African sought
To improve their lot in
varies ways. Commercial
Agricultural become an
important stand in the improvement
And in it conflict
began to emerge between the new out
Of mission schools and
tribe chiefs who saw them as up
Start trying to interfere
in profitable monopoly.”[10]
Finally the colonial economy and the
pre colonial economy there is the similarities and differences in the but all I all the colonial economy aims
at destroying African economy in all term socially ,economically,
politically So that his colonial economy
destroyed the African by introduction of taxation, low wages ,forced labours
,land alienation, and other term..But the pre colonial economy aims at
developed African In all term socially ,politically as well as economically.
REFERENCES
1.
Asante, M.K(2007) THE HISTORY OF AFRICAN.
New York Press.
2.
Okoth. A: HISTORY OF AFRICA 1915-1945, East Africa Education
publishers Ltd 1988.
3.
Kato A.: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICAN SOCIETIES, Mwanza evening
adult
School publisher.
5.
Fr Jovitus, F. Mwijage: MAJOR
EVENTS OF AFRICAN HISTORY, Morogoro Press
2004.
6.
Rodney W. (1989) HOW EUROPE
UNDER DEVELOPED AFRICA, East Africa
Educational Publisher.
7.
Lenin,V.I (1982) IMPERIALISM THE HIGHEST STAGE OF CAPITALISM. Moscow progress
Publisher.
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