PHONOLOGY

PHONOLOGY

Place of articulation

Is a place where a certain sound is being produced. In production of speech sounds especial consonant sounds two organs are involved.  The organs are found in upper jaw and lower jaw.

Active articulators- are organs which move especial the organs in the lower jaw they move in production of speech sounds.

Passive articulator- are organs which do not move in production of speech sounds. In the point of articulation two articulators come into contact. Fore stance:-

Bilabial

The articulators are the two lips. (We could say that the lower lip is the active articulator and the upper lip the passive articulator, though the upper lip usually moves too, at least a little.) English bilabial sounds include [p], [b], and [m]. 

 Labial - dental

The lower lip is the active articulator comes in to contact with the upper teeth which is passive articulator. English labial-dental sounds include [f] and [v]. 

 Dental sound

These are the sounds produced when the tip of the tongue come in to contact with the upper teeth. For example:  [θ ] and [ð] in words like, think and thank. 

 Alveolar

Are the sounds produced when the tip of the tongue or blade of the tongue come in to contact with the alveolar ridge. For example:  [t], [d], [n], [s], [z], [l]. 

Palatal sound

The active articulator is the tongue come into contact with alveolar ridge.  The English glide [j] is a palatal. 

 Retroflex sound

            In retroflex sounds, the tongue tip is curled up and back. Retroflex’s can be classed as apico-postalveolar, though not all apico-postalveolars need to be curled backward enough to count as retroflex.

The closest sound to a retroflex that English has is [l]. For most North Americans, the tongue tip is curled back in [], though not as much as it

Velar sounds

Are the sounds which are produce when the back part of the tongue comes into contact with velum or soft palate. For example:  [k], [g], and [ŋ].

 Glottal Sound

This are the Sound winch are produced or articulated with more contacts of the vocal cords. For exemple. [h]