Blackboard;
comes from its black color. This is flat surface feature it can be a board made
of wood or fiber, however the term today start changing and called the
chalkboard so long chalks are used.
According
to Geoffrey
“A blackboard is defined as a flat surface
feature, it can be a board made of wood, fiber or sometime made plastered
on the wall of the class. The board is painted black to reflect the white
chalks used to write on it”[1].
The
blackboard was invented by James Pillans; headmaster of Royal High school
Edinburgh Scotland He used it with colored chalk to teach geography. The
chalkboard was in use in Indian schools in the 11th century as per Alberuni’s
Indica (Tarikh Al-Hind), written in the early 11th century– They use black
tablets for the children in the schools, and write upon them along the long
side, not the broadside, writing with a white material from the left to the
right. The term "blackboard" dates from around 1815 to 1825 while the
newer and predominantly American term, "chalkboard" dates from 1935
to 1940. The
chalkboard was introduced into the US education system in 1801
Teaching aid; is
anything that used by the teacher to assist teaching. To assist teaching means
help the student to understand the concept immediately when the teacher is
teaching or help you create memory to students about what he lent. As Has wrote
“Teaching
aid is that what assist a teacher to facilitate learning and making the
learning so attractive and interactive”[2]
Blackboard as teaching aids is very important
tools used by a teacher to facilitate learning and improve reading and others
skills. It is used to reinforce skills or facts and relieve anxiety, fears or
boredom because teaching aid is like a game.
A
Teacher is, a person who assisting others to attaining their
objectives he assist others to pursue their goals and widening their capacity
and level of thinking
Characteristics
of good chalk board:-
It
must be flat. The flatness’ of the chalkboard help the clear vision of the writings
and also it helps the writing to be smooth. The board must be at the place where
it can be visible to all students. The proposed place is in front of the class where
it can be visible to all students. The board should be wide enough to occupy
enough content to be presented instead of rubbing it all the time and the
students fail to connect the concepts explained. The position of the blackboard
from the direction of the light should be considered. This is to avoid reflection
of light which may affect the appearance letters on the blackboard.
Preparation for good blackboard
writing
The
preparation for blackboard work involves the possession of tools involved in
the blackboard work. Such as possession of tools like, the board ruler, compass
for drawing circles, a clean eraser, a pointer and chalk or maker pen.
Blackboard writing
Make
sure that the blackboard is clean. Divide the blackboard it considerable part
depend on the way you want to present your content. Avoid subdivision which
could confuse the students. The normal division is three parts which is used as
introduction, lesson development part and the part to conduct the rough work. The
margin should be indicated clearly. Determine the amount that the chalk writing
will remain in the blackboard. It is better to practice that and see the
information fit smoothly with lesson.
How to
use blackboard,
Sequence
the work so that relationship of the previous item is really apparent .The
concepts should developed in a productive way from simple to complex. The lines
should be written in the horizontal straight line. Avoid writing upward or
downward. The color chalks should be used with a create care only to emphasize
important keys. Use correct spelling and grammar. To insist it Reilly wrote “incorrect spelling and grammar may lead to
in creditable of a teacher by student it may lead to embarrassments”[3] Make
material simple and to the point the lesson flow and not boring. Use pointer to
emphasis things and also to point to the items on the blackboard so that it can
be seen clearly. Stand one side of the blackboard as you write. Pause
frequently to capture and maintain student attention. Don’t over crow the
blackboard; that may lead to confusion. Talk after writing. Don’t do the two
simultaneously. Make sure that whatever is written in the blackboard is seen by
the students.
Importance
of the blackboard as the teaching aid.
Blackboard
is the traditional visual aids that are very important part of the classroom teaching.
it bear the teacher with the following advantages.
It makes the teaching effectives:- Effective
teaching is when the entire student involved on their pace of learning. The
blackboard makes the learning cooperative between the teacher and the student.
this occur when the teacher invite student to share some of the ideas on the blackboard.
Classroom
management;-The main purpose of the teaching aid is to make the
teacher to manage the class. Because the class is cooperatives then the
discipline of the class will be improved. The teacher will also manage to
present his lesson in the sequential order. The blackboard can be used for
discussion and presentation. Bello on
insisting about the importance of blackboard he wrote “the discussion between a teacher and the
class intermediated by the blackboard”[4]
Control
the pace of learning:-As the teacher writing on the
blackboard he found himself deferent
from using other r teaching aids like audio visual, tapes or decoders . This is
because the mentioned aids cannot control the speed of the student to learn.
The teacher’s personality is very important to make students remember. It is
quite possible for the student to learn the changing actions of the teachers. A
teacher can change immediately when he sees the student does not understand or bored.
It
is a natural slide;-A slide is a picture in motion. A teacher
interacts with a blackboard. Writing something. Turns to the student and talk.
Then he turns again to the blackboard and draws a sketch. He took the pointer
and indicates the important part. He calls for the student in front of the
class to explain something. The student present their work and the teacher
present the points on the blackboard. By doing all this actions Philip said “Is like a moving slide that interesting
student to the maximum”[5].
Cope
with student of different learning abilities:-Every student has his
learning styles. Some learn immediately when they see. Some learn when they
touch and some when hearing. There is no other teaching aid that can
incorporate in it all this styles at the same time rather than a blackboard.
The pictured presented the words written on the blackboard and listening to the
teacher all makes all students of different characteristics to be benefitted.
Flexibility;
One of the characteristics of the good teacher is flexibility the flexible teacher
learns immediately as the way his student learns. He adhere with the changes
that shown by the student. These changes also adhere with the changing on the
use of teaching aids, in this case the blackboard. So it is a great lucky to
use the teaching aids that changing with time as Hudgins said “The blackboard can be rubbed several times
and the correction of pictures or others features to be made”[6]
Enhances
Student Comprehension Skills.The notes written by the
teacher on the board serves as a guide for the students in understanding the
lesson. The students are able to take down correct information as they can
validate them on the notes written by the teacher on the chalkboard.
The
use of chalkboard in the classroom may help teachers get an immediate feedback
from the students regarding their level of comprehension. As the teacher writes
the lessons on the board, the students may inform the teacher whether they
understand them or not.
Multipurpose
teaching aid:-The blackboard can be used to draw picture, explanation can
be written on the blackboard, and this is the place where the student present
their trial. The notes are written on
the blackboard. It permit contrast, it implies actions and allow the eras
correction.
CONLUSION:-
Students’ attention is a crucial
element in classroom management. Having visual reinforcements on the blackboard
increases the attention span of students. Allowing them to participate in class
through board works enhances their interest in learning which makes classroom
management easier for the teachers.
Utilizing
one of the black boards for sale
in the classroom improves teacher-student interaction. Students have the
opportunity to participate in the lessons in class. As supported by studies,
using chalkboards also increases the learning of specific subjects. This is an
example of the famous quote of Benjamin Franklin that says, “Tell me, and I
Forget. Teach me, and I remember. Involve me, and I learn.”
BIBLIOGRAPHY:-
1. Bello J. Y. (1981). Basic Principle of Teaching. John
Willey and Sons Ibadan.
2. Geoffrey n. brown.(1967) A Guide for Teachers in Africa .George Allen and
Unwin ltd, Nigeria
3. Has Lucky.(1963).
The Teacher of History,
Cambridge university press, Cambridge
4. Hudgins, B.B. (1971).The Instructional Processes. Rand and Mc Nally company .Chicago
Phillip D.(1989) Perspective on learning
.Teachers press College; New York
5. Really R. and Lewis. (1999). Educational Psychology. Application for Classroom Learning and Instruction;
Macmillan publishing .Com. Inc. New York.
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