INTRODUCTION:-
A
teacher is a person who assisting others to attaining their objectives. He assists other people to pursue their goals
and widening their capacity and level of thinking.
Farrat defined a word teacher as a facilitator as he wrote “a teacher is a
person who facilitates the acquisition of knowledge by directing the students
in a formal Education”[1]. Literary
a teacher a person who provides education to the learners. A teacher is
specified by the quality of being responsible, authoritarian and Authorship.
A preacher according to Plain
English Dictionary “is a person who conduct religion sermon. He is residing ceremonies and sermon people
about the word f God or giving homilies”[2]. A preacher deals much with spiritual
development of people. The outcome of
spiritual development is seen abstractly until when the person die. The behavior changes expected by the preacher
is not something immediately but slow and sometime unnoticed.
A teacher and a preacher however
resemble in their service they perform.
They both directing people to attain a certain objectives however a teacher
and a preacher differ in their place of services, methods of delivering
knowledge, objectives and outcomes expected.
Characteristics of a
teacher contrary to preacher:-
As an Assistance:
A teacher assists students to widen their
knowledge. This knowledge is the one
previously known but revolving around the student helping them to interact with
the content.
As a Guidance:
A
teacher guide students in their way.
This particular activity is done when the teacher’s examples are imitated.
So a teacher suppose to show moral behaviors
which should be copied by the student in retrieving their objectives. Bello put it in this way “a responsible
teacher is the guardian of the student through his actions and words not merely
his directive actions in the class”[3]
As a Values consideration:
A teacher is a person who consider the value
of each individual learner, their abilities, attitude, psychology of learning
and the physical status embraced by individuals
As an Evaluative:
The
work of a teacher is evaluative. The
teacher must evaluate himself and also evaluate the students and gives remarks
on his achievement. Hudgins said
“evaluation help a teacher understand where he fails in his way and plan for
the better coming”[4]
so teaching must go on hand with the
process of concept building, assessment, judgment and remarks giving. By giving
exercise to be answered. The preachers in the church are not evaluative. And
the evaluation of their work becomes difficult because no feedback expected
immediately.
Objectivity:
A
teacher must make sure that his work is objective to a certain boundary. To attain his objective he is not suppose to
go beyond the boundary. The theme in
preaching which is neglected.
Individual target:
A teacher target on an individual rather than
a group in whole. Seel wrote it in
this way “His mission and vision is directed to Individual, and the changes
expected is not mass changes but individual”[5]. But
the preacher target in group. The homily
does not separate individual status age, physical abilities or interests.
Interactive:
Teaching
is the process of interaction between the teacher and students, Teacher and
content and student with content as Galloway
said “Through interaction a teacher manage the class and understand the
development of every student mentally
Psychologically
and physical”[6]
status. In this interaction the Teacher and student negotiate on a particular
matter patterning the content giving clarification, correcting misconception.
But the preacher on the other hand is seemed to deviate from this truth. A preacher stands in front of mass holding
the central position while assuming that the rest have no idea of reality.
Manager:
To
manage is to put things under control. As the manager a teacher supposes to
control the system in which the information is transferred. As the
manager Richard said “In the class a teacher ensure that the time scheduled
in the time table the scheme of work the lesson plan and the lesson notes are
all flowing in a smooth way”[7]
contrary to the preacher who had no scheme of work, lesson plan or time table
to be followed. This gives a teacher a
special position and differentiates him or her from other professionals.
Chancellor:
This
properties fall under both categories, but the teacher as a chancellor is
expected to deal with student behaviors which could affect their learning. He directs the way to success gives comfort
and hope to the student. A teacher uses
his professional immediately to recognize the need of the students. By doing that he plays also the spiritual
function of the preachers. To prove this
Nacino- Brown write “the teacher is
a spiritual director in his ways he plays both the roll of the teacher and the
preacher. The spiritual welfare of the student depend on the way the teacher is
raising them. Half of the student time is on the hands of the teacher”[8]
Different
between a teacher and preacher in the method of Teaching:-
After discussing the quality of a teacher
contrary to a preacher
A teacher and a preacher can be also differentiated
in their approach to transfer of information. These two modes are called
methods of teaching. Student centered method (modern teaching methods) and teachers centered method (preachers
method/ old method of teaching.).Student centered method (Teacher)
Base on students prior knowledge
This
approach is the one emphasis by the intellectuals and educational psychologists. This method embrace into its midst the
importance of students prior knowledge in acquisition of the new knowledge.
Students work upon their curiosity
This method makes the learning alive
by linking the children with what is taught. Students are the one determine
what to be taught. Bishop on confirming
this he put it in this way “student work upon their curiosity and interests.
They draw inference and generate the possible solution”[9].
Recognizes changing characteristics of a student
It recognizes changing characteristics of
children. A child is not static in his
way of perceiving, recognizing and judging; there are gradual changes
accompanied with development of the age and changes in environment
The method is interactive.
The
method is highly attractive, interactive and motivates the student. It makes the leaner interesting to the
subject and it relates the lesson to their daily life.
Base on learners Psychology
The method
applies knowledge depend on the child psychology. It base on the way student interpret things
and makes a choice on what is important in their life. By doing that a student
understands his values capabilities and weakness.
Self independence
Student centered method allow children to
express themselves and open the way to more discussion and draw inference and
generate possible solution .
Lastly,
the method is easily created memory and understanding among students.
Teachers centered
method (preacher):
Teacher is the source of knowledge:
This
method is defined as the old method of teaching in which a teacher hold a
central position and assume the student as empty minded (Tabula rasa)
No
sharing of knowledge:
There is no interaction between the teacher and the
student, the teacher stands in
Front of the student
talking and giving information without crating persuasion to the student
It is discouraging the students:
The method
affects the whole system of learning;
It
discourage student lost the interest in studying and sometime refrain how the
lesson
No evaluation in this method of Teaching:
Without evaluation, teaching is same as flying
without destiny. This method makes
difficult to evaluate a single student because the approach has not objected to
a single student.
Limits the utilization of the prior knowledge:
The
prior knowledge of the student is of no important, this limits the acquisition
of the new knowledge because his concept known before had not considered. So a
student forgets immediately what he lent.
It targets the students as group and not
individual:
This method does not target to a single student, It target to the
group as whole, the method does not consider
the value, attitude and psychology of every students. By doing so the teacher
does not use combination of strategies to ensure that every student is
benefited. To compare this with teaching method Galloway argued “the function of the teacher is not like a pastor
standing on the sanctuary preaching the word of God”[10]
Quality of a Good
teacher:-
We
all know good teachers when we see them and bad teachers too. There were only a
few, but they all had the following qualities in common.
Knowledge of content:
Knowledge
of content is the central stick of a teacher.
A knowldgable teacher about content is believed by student and by
himself the teacher is expected to be an expert in his/her subject area and has
undergone some training beyond the level he/she is expected to teach.
Teaching and Learning Skill:
The
Teacher is responsible both in teaching and learning. A good teacher must have ability to utilize
his environment and create conducive environment for learning which arouse
learner interest, set procedures of learning and teaching. In additional a
teacher is expected to have good knowledge in using classroom, including skill
of using chalkboard.
Organization and management skills:
Ability to organize teaching and learning
is another essential quality of a good teacher. A teacher must have ability to
plan instructions and implementing the plan. A teacher must know how to design
tasks inquiry, analyze and syntheses .He must be able to organize the learning
groups and use of varieties of teaching aids.
Manager:
As
a manager, a teacher is needed to ensure that the classroom arrangement will
facilitate learning in many ways
He
must arrange the class to ensure that student is able to interact with maps
etc.
Personality:
Teacher
is a molder of behaviors through his example, majority of people in the society
particularly, youth are much influenced. As this is the case a teacher should
be a modal in his language, Dressing style, cleanliness and relationship. That
is way Hudgins said “Smartness is
great identity of a teacher. In the rural areas the smart people are called
teachers. This is because the smartness of their clothes shows the smartness of
their brain”[11]
Dedication to excellence:
Good teachers want the best from their students and themselves.
They don’t settle for poor grades, knowing it reflects upon their ability to
teach just as much upon a student’s ability to excel. The best teachers
encourage the sharing of ideas and offer incentives to get students to think
outside the box. They don’t tolerate students’ badmouthing other teachers,
doing their best to point out that other teachers are human too. He is required
to encourage students to be good people, not just good memorizers of text. They
should teach student to learn and be able to apply what they learned, not just
be able to pass tests.
CONCLUSION:-
The teacher is very
important person in teaching and learning in general the process of acquiring knowledge require a teacher But for the good
quality of a teacher and benefit influence of student a teacher must not be a
preacher. He must deliver his knowledge in a systematic way; a teacher must
make sure that there is a great interaction of a class. A teacher must make sure that the knowledge provided
reaches the students in their categories.
The teacher must also have a good extra quality like knowledge of content,
skills of teaching and learning organization, encouraging and management. The teacher should be prepared to both
classroom and outdoor activities.
BIBLIOGRAPH:-
1.Bello,J.Y(1981)
Basic Principles of Teaching.
John Willey and sons Ibadan.
2.Bishop,G. (1995) Curriculum Development: A Text book for Student Macmillan
Publishers Limited London
3.Farrant,J.S.(1990)
Principles and Practices of Education
. Longman Group. UK. Limited Essex
4.Hudgins,B.B (1971) The Instructional Process Rand McNallycompany Chicago
5.Michael, Murphy (1996)Plain English Dictionary (Harper
Collins Publishers England
6.Nacino-Brown,R,Oke,F.E.Brown,D.P.(1992)Curriculum and Instruction; An Introduction to Methods of Teaching.
Macmillan Press Limited London
7.Ritchard,I. A.(1998) Learning to teach. McGraw-Hill
New York
8.Seel,A and Power,L.
(2003) Active Learning. Save
the
Children London.
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