SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS WHICH DO AFFECT CHILDREN IN THE SOCIETY


INTRODUCTION
The work picks up about the meaning of child, environments, life and society. And finally work picks, up about the social, physical, economic and biological environment which affects children in the society and these children failed to complete their purposes of their daily life.
 At the end of the environments which do affects children in the society, this work picks about different solution towards his environment which affect children in the society.
 THE MEANING OF KEY TERMS
Child
A young human being below the age of full physical development or below the legal age majority.

Environment
Environment refers to the surrounding or conditions in which person, animals or plants lives or operates.

Life
Life refers to the condition that distinguishes animals and plants from organic matter including the capacity for growth, reproduction, respiration and others.

Society
Refers to the community of people living in a particularly regions and having shared customs, laws and organizations.

 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS WHICH DO AFFECT CHILDREN IN THE SOCIETY.
Children in the society may affect by many social environments or factors. The following are the main environments which does affect children in the society.
Environment without adequate love, care and nutrition. The environments which may have this situation lead the affection of children in the societies  because children  lacks good relationship between  themselves and their parents or people who live with  this children in the society. Also children lack good (nutrition) to repair their body.
Violence within the society. This is another environment which affect children in the society because children lack care and good security within the society. This violation it may occur within children families or areas around the children.
“For the child who is a witness to violence directed towards other family members, physical injury may not impair the child’s growth but psychologically injury can greatly affect the child’s development”[1]
Environments with Drug abuse. The environments which characterized by drug abuse like smoking  cigarette , drinking  alcohol ,cocaine ,marijuana and  others do affect children in the society because  it may  reach a time  this children start to use them as a part of their life.

“Vulnerability to child abuse depends in a part on the child’s age and sex young children are not most at high risk of physical abuse are at greater risk of sexual abuse than boys”.[2]
 Environments with poor clean water and poor adequate toilet facilities. The environment lacks this facilities  do affect children in the societies because children bodies became weak and un healthy due to lacking enough and good clean water for drinking  and washing  their bodies . Also children lack good toilet facilities for the purpose of storing their waste products after been removed from their bodies.
Environments  with insects such as flies, mosquitoes and ticks. This environments affects children in the societies because due to this environments children became sick due to the eruption of this insects which transmit dangerous diseases such as malaria and others. Due to this situation children in the society affected highly and some of children die due to the diseases which transmitted by this insects.

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS WHICH DO AFFECT CHILDREN IN THE SOCIETY
Environments with noise. Children do affected with noise from their surrounding areas. According to Evans and his fellow colleagues suggested that the noise which does affect children come from children’s homes and airports. This environments affected children’s bodies and their ability of performing daily activities.
Environments with overcrowding. The environments which characterized by large number of people affected children because some people did not care these children. Also the environment with overcrowding affects children because lacks basic needs such as food .clothes and shelter.


ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTS WHICH DO AFFECTS CHILDREN IN THE SOCIETY.
Financial problems (poverty). Children in the societies lacked enough fund which can help them in various needs such as education, food, shelter and clothes .Also  due to the lacking of funds ,children did not cared by their parents in the societies and finally became street children.
                       “In  the term of children development  poverty is the one factor that  can inhabit a child potential. In facts from poor families are more likely to be born with a lower birth weight and the mothers may experience complication in pregnancy and delivery”.[3]
Environments with child labour. This is another environments which affects children in the societies, this child labour refers to the employment of un official job to the children under poor conditions . Due to this situation lead the poor conditions and poor development to the children in the societies.
Environments with drug trafficking. This is another environments which affect children in the society because involves in drug trafficking and discouraging their basic duties in the society. Also through the drug trafficking  children became drug user and finally they affected mentally and healthy due to the trafficking and using drugs like Marijuana, Alcohol ,Heroin ,Cocaine and others.

“Vulnerability to child abuse depends in a part on the child’s age and sex. Youth children are most at high risk of physical abuse girls are at a greater risk of sexual abuse than boys”.[4]

Environments with hereditary traits. This refers to the heredity off behaviors which children heredity from their parents and lead them to be affected mentally and physically. Also this behavior stimulated more by parents who did not want to change their behaviors.
Environments with chemical pollution. The environments  which has chemical pollution affected children in the societies because this chemical affected children in breathing mechanism due to the air polluting which polluted by heavy industries in the societies where children stay. Also environments with water pollution through chemicals pollution affected children in the societies.
Environments with poor parents and children interaction. Some families ignored the contributions which brought by children in the families because parents through that children have negative contributions to their families .Due to this situation of negatively parent’s perception of neglecting children’s contributions in the families, affects children mentally and healthy.
Environments with Postnatal depression. The postnatal depression of various areas of infant development they are yet come to consensus regarding the time effects. This postnatal depression affected children in the societies because children affected mentally and physically as Martin Seligman quotes that :-

“Depression is common cold of psycho-pathology and has touched the lives of us as all .yet it is probably the most daily understand and most inadequately investigated of all the major forms of psychopathology “.[5]

 CONCLUSION
Generally, the environments which affects the children in the societies can be modified and became good to the children in the societies through improving good education to the children, improving or providing basic needs to children’s providing  good care to the children ,prohibiting child labour and others improvement to the 

REFERENCES.
1.       Curtin, A and O’ Hanagan, M, CARE AND EDUCATION IN                                                          EARLY CHILDHOOD,2003.
2.   Hung ,N. Winn, John, C. Habbins, CLINICAL MATERIAL                                                       PETAL MEDICINE, 2000.
3.       Tanzania institute of education: DIPLOMA IN SECONDARY                                                 EDUCATIONCURRICUM   ,MODULE:                                        HISTORY PEDAGOGY,Tanzania                                      Institute of  Education ,DSM, 2007.