Group 2. Psychodynamic theories
I. Sigmund
Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory
Proponent/Author: Freud
Assumptions
made
•
Emotional
disorders spring from unconscious dynamics, such as childhood conflict,
unresolved sexual factors and fixation at various developmental stages.
Freud’s
Views on personality based on this theory:
•
Personality
consists of pleasure-seeking impulses (the id), a reality-oriented executive
(the ego), and an internalized set of ideals (the superego)
Freud’s
three components of Personality
Freud’s
ideas are that Personality is a result of the interaction between three
components:
•
Id
•
Ego
•
Superego
The
“Id”
The id is the most basic part of the personality. It also represents our most animalistic urges, like the desire for food and sex. The id seeks instant gratification for our wants and needs. If these needs or wants are not met, a person can become tense, anxious, or angry. A good example of behaviour caused by id is jumping the queue in the cafeteria. I want an orange id says steal/grab it. When a baby needs to suck it cries wildly/frantically until it is breast fed.
The “Ego”
Ego is
defined as the view that a person has of himself/herself. An example of ego
is the way that you look at yourself.
An example of ego is thinking you are the
smartest person on earth. the self, especially with a sense of self-importance.
Someone who is egotistical is full of
himself, completely self-absorbed. ego refers to a person's sense of self, or
self-importance.
To be egotistical is to have an inflated
view of your self-importance — basically to think you're better than everyone
else.
Arrogant young woman
Here
are some warning signs that your ego may be leading you astray.
•
You listen to advice but rarely follow it. ...
•
You never look for flaws. ...
•
You try to do everything yourself. ...
•
You see some things as being beneath you.
•
You keep going, even when you're wrong. ...
Superego,
The
superego develops last, and is based on morals and judgments about right and
wrong.
For example Peter knew he
could steal a cell phone from his classmate’s bag and no one would know about
it. However, his conscience told him that stealing was wrong, so he decided not
to steal it even though he would probably never get caught. (Superego at work)
II.
Alfred Adler’s Theory of Personality.
Author/Proponent
: Adler,
Views
points on personality
ALFRED
ADLER Agreed with Freud on the
importance of early childhood effects but thought social tensions were more important than
sexual tensions.
•
Believed psychological problems were the result of
feelings of inferiority
Inferiority
Complex - A condition that comes from being unable to
compensate for normal inferiority feelings.
•
ALFRED was of the view that Children often argue with
parents about being able to do something by themselves.
•
Adler believed children wanted to show their parents
that they are capable of doing things on their own and are not dependent on
them and hence inferior.
•
Adler also believed that people brag/proud to cover up
to make other people forget or notice their inferiorities.
III.
Erick, Erickson’s Theory of EIGHT
Psychosocial Development Stages
Social Plugin